Classical Constants

Since energy and force equations are simplified to only five wave constants when using the wave constant form, it is also possible to rewrite most equations, and all fundamental physical constants based on the electron, with only five fundamental classical constants. This removes unnecessary proportionality constants like the gravitational constant (G) and the Planck constant (h). Furthermore, all units can be simplified to only three SI units (kg, m, s).

Five Fundamental Physical Constants & Mathematical Constants

The following are the five fundamental physical constants from which 20 electron-based fundamental physical constants can be derived from on this site. Note: the fine structure constant is currently defined in modern physics to be a physical constant, but it is derived based on a geometric ratio (pi) and is therefore considered a mathematical constant, as explained here.

Symbol	Definition	Value (units)
Five Fundamental Physical Constants
l_P	Planck length	1.6162 x 10^-35 (m)
t_P	Planck time	5.3912 x 10^-44 (s)
m_P	Planck mass	2.1765 x 10^-8 (kg)
q_P	Planck charge	1.8755 x 10^-18 (m)**
r_e	Electron classical radius	2.8179 x 10^-15 (m)
Mathematical Constants
⍺_e	Fine structure constant	0.00729735 (dimensionless)
π	Pi	3.141592653 (dimensionless)
e	Euler’s number	2.718281828 (dimensionless)

Other Classical Constants

Other classical constants are used throughout this site either for readability or consistency with classical equations. However, they can be derived from the five fundamental constants (above). A list of the constants, and the links to their derivations, are found here.

Symbol	Definition	Value (units)
E_v	Neutrino energy	3.8280 x 10^-19 (kg m²/s²)***
E_e	Electron energy	8.1871 x 10^-14 (kg m²/s²)
ε₀	Electric constant	8.8542 x 10^-12 (s²/kg m)**
μ₀	Magnetic constant*	1.2566 x 10^-6 (kg/m)**
c	Speed of light*	299,792,458 (m/s)
a₀	Bohr radius*	5.2918 x 10^-11 (m)
e_e	Elementary charge*	1.6022 x 10^-19 (m)**
⍺_Ge	Gravitational coupling constant – electron	2.40 x 10^-43 (dimensionless)
⍺_Gp	Gravitational coupling constant – proton	8.09 x 10^-37 (dimensionless)
Q	Particle count (in a group)	variable – dimensionless

* Used as a constant in the derivation of one of the five fundamental constants (circular derivation).

** Corrected units in EWT as charge (Coulombs) is replaced by distance (meters).

*** The exact rest energy of the neutrino is not determined. The value listed here is the best fit for particle energies.

Energy Wave Equations – Classical Format

The key equations from energy wave theory can be described in a format using classical constants, all of which can ultimately be derived from the five fundamental constants as described above. There are some differences between the wave format and classical format, notably: 1) the wave format can calculate the energy of the neutrino (E_v), which is ultimately used to calculate the energy of all other particles, and 2) the wave format can derive relativity from the fundamental constant of wavelength, whereas the classical constants do not have such an equivalent.

Energy

The following energy equations can be used for the calculations of particles and photons. Because neither mass or charge are used as variables, the dimensionless variables for wave center count (K) and amplitude factor (δ) are used from the wave constant format.

Longitudinal Energy Equation
(Particles)

Transverse Energy Equation
(Photons)

Forces

The following are the equations for forces used in energy wave theory. Because neither mass or charge are used as variables, the dimensionless variable for particle group count (Q) is used from the wave constant format.

Electric Force

Magnetic Force

Gravitational Force

Strong Force

Orbital Force

Photon Frequency and Wavelength

The following are equations that are used to calculate photon frequencies and wavelengths. Because neither mass or charge are used as variables, the dimensionless variable for amplitude factor (δ) is used from the wave constant format. See the following for: variables for amplitude factor (δ) and distance (r).